Drill Chucks, Arbors & Keys

Chucks hold drill bits securely in corded and cordless drills.  Keyless chucks allow rapid bit changes, while keyed chucks grip larger bits firmly.  Arbors adapt hole saws and specialty cutters to drill chucks, and chuck keys tighten and release jaws on keyed chucks.

What is the difference between a chuck, arbor, and key?

• A drill chuck holds the drill bit and mounts onto a drill or spindle; available in keyed or keyless styles

• An arbor (or adapter) connects the chuck to the tool’s motor shaft or spindle, often converting between different thread types or tapers (e.g. SDS to threaded)

• A chuck key is used to tighten or loosen traditional keyed chucks for a secure grip on the bit

Together, they form the critical interface between the drill and the accessory.

How do I choose the right drill chuck for my drill?
Consider the following:

• Chuck capacity – common sizes include 1.5–13 mm or 3–16 mm, depending on the bit shank size

• Mounting type –

  • Threaded (e.g. 1/2″-20 UNF) for hand drills

  • Tapered (e.g. B16, JT6, MT2) for drill presses and lathes

• Keyed vs keyless –

  • Keyed chucks offer stronger grip for heavy-duty or high-torque drilling

  • Keyless chucks allow fast bit changes and are ideal for general use
    Ensure the chuck fits your drill’s spindle or arbor connection.

When should I use an arbor or adapter?
Use an arbor when:

• Converting from one mounting type to another, such as from SDS-Plus to ½″ UNF or Morse Taper

• Attaching hole saws, annular cutters, or specialty chucks to drills, lathes, or drill presses

• Extending reach or adapting from taper to thread (or vice versa)
  Make sure the arbor matches both the tool's spindle and the accessory’s mounting requirement for safe and stable operation.