Bench Planes

Bench planes like the #4 smoothing plane and #5 jack plane are general purpose workhorses.  They remove high spots, straighten edges and produce silky surfaces.

What are bench planes used for?
Bench planes are versatile woodworking tools used for flattening, shaping, and smoothing wood surfaces. They are designed to remove thin shavings of material, allowing for precise surface leveling, edge jointing, and preparing boards for joinery. Bench planes are essential in both rough stock preparation and fine finishing.

What are the different types of bench planes and their purposes?
Bench planes are typically numbered by size and function:

• No. 3 & 4 (Smoothing planes) – for final surface finishing

• No. 5 (Jack plane) – a general-purpose plane for flattening and rough shaping

• No. 6 (Fore plane) – used for preliminary flattening of larger boards

• No. 7 & 8 (Jointer planes) – long planes ideal for straightening edges for panel joining
  The longer the sole, the more effective it is at producing flat surfaces over long boards.

How do I set up and maintain a bench plane for best performance?

• Sharpen the blade to a consistent bevel (usually 25°–30°) and hone the edge regularly

• Adjust the depth of cut and lateral alignment for even shaving

• Ensure the sole is flat and apply wax for smoother motion

• Store the plane on its side or with the blade retracted to protect the edge and the work surface
  Proper setup and care allow for clean, efficient planing and a flawless wood finish.